Antenna Basics
Antennas are fundamental components of all radio systems and use free space as the carrying medium. They are used to interface the transmitter or receiver to free space. The operation of a simple transmitting antenna can be illustrated by thinking of an open-circuit cable with two conductors. At the open end, a phase reversal results, causing some of the incident voltage to be radiated away from the transmission line instead of reflected as is normally the case. The radiated energy is in the form of transverse electromagnetic waves and the amount of radiation emitted can be varied by the increasing or decreasing the distance between the conductors.
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